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Most LPG storage tanks in standby-plant service are steel, non-refrigerated pressure vessels. Tanks are available in many sizes for both aboveground and underground service. New propane tanks are built to ASME standards and are designed for at least 250 psig working pressure. Common tank sizes and approximate dimensions are shown in the chart below. Larger industrial and commercial applications generally use 18,000 gallon and larger tanks.
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Required tank trim includes relief valves, excess flow valves and gauges for temperature, pressure and liquid level. Remote / automatic valve features are often required or desired to provide enhanced product control and safety (See also: 9, Safety Systems.)
At some locations, "special protection" for tanks (such as mounding, burial, insulating coatings and water-spray systems) may be required or desired to reduce the already small potential for fire-induced tank failures.
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Storage Capacity
RULE OF THUMB...
11 gallons propane equals 1 MMbtu
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To allow for expansion of the liquid propane, tanks are never filled to 100%. At 60° F, the maximum filling density is about 85%. The chart and graph below show common tank sizes and net fuel storage capacities in gallons and "millions of btus" (MMbtu).
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